Applications Of Laser In Engineering English Language Essay

Applications Of centeral maser In Engineering English Language Es distinguishIntroduction optical maser has much applications in different fields especi all toldy in engineering science. It is one of the around serious inventions in the last century. optical maser is utilize wide in the engineering field providing facilities while applying many engineering processes. Its applications also helped in the development of engineering.. optical maser is an important instrument in engineering that has been employ widely by engineers in many aspects for its wide purpose and public-service corporation optical maser is a solution looking for a hassle. This report aims to die the applications of optical maser and discuss the motion of optical maser on the product produced by this applications. This report gives detailed information roughly different engineering applications of laser. invoice of laserThe setoff idea of utilize rays of settle to help in exiting and changing the appearance of atoms discovered by Albert Einstein in 1917. He said that it would be possible to make an atom release dim or make any unusual actions employ rays by decided frequency. just now he was not the one who invented laser itself he s screwingtily opened the way to separate scientists to lay down on it. Schaw impression and Townes be the both psyches who first applied the idea of laser but they failed in their first experiment. In 1960 they succeeded to generate the first laser tool employ a sheath of cherry-red.What Does LASER means?LASER stands for Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation Laser is a craft that emits electromagnetic waves in the form of a special type of devolve. It sp orders as concentrate coherent beams that ho theatrical role be turned into one using lenses. Laser has many customs in different fields so that people call for that effective invention.Laser simply consists of a narrow light beam that is produced by a process called Stimulation of atoms. This process is held by using an amplified light beam of specific frequency and intensity. That light beam is utilise to stimulate the atom. Stimulation of the atom means that we give it an extra enumerate of strength that makes in excited. That excitation makes the outer nearly electrons move to a eminenter level. Then they need to get rid of this extra qualification to be abide to its original and normal state, so it emits that extra vigour in the form of a light beam. That light beam is laser. Thats how laser is produced.Laser solved many problems that faced engineers onwards inventing it. It facilitates many processes and trading operations for engineers. It also helps them find some information they need. As an caseful before inventing laser cutting and join operations were in truth difficult. It was a problem to cut a coat, as you had to foment it up to a very high temperature then you modify its shape. Laser solved this p roblem and make that operation become very easy and prompt. As an some other example before inventing laser on that point were no wireless connections or laser microwave radars. Laser also made the conference processes very fast and widely utilize. It made solutions for many problems that irritated engineers and people.Laser opened many cognition and technology ways that would be impractical without it. After inventing Laser it became impossible to imagine our b immortalise and butter without it. It became the key of many engineering operations that it im discussion section not be carried out without laser. Accuracy is one of its more or less important advantages that remove any doubts around it.It is expected that laser will be developed more and more in the future to provide engineers by other facilities. It go off also be a reason for inventing other technologies. Again, Laser flock be our gate to other inventions that could make our life easier and more comfortable.La ser Beam weldLaser Beam Welding LBW is a contemporary conjoin technique apply to join dual pieces of metal using a laser. The beam provides a concentrated ignite input, deed overing for narrow, lately welds at high rates. This process is frequently handling in many applications and develops to new industries.Laser beam welding has been extensively use in the self-propelling, aerospace, electronic, and heavy manufacturing industries to join a variety of materials. In the automotive industry, high- index finger lasers ar used to weld many components such as transmittances, mufflers, catalytic converters, exhaust systems, and tailor-welded blanks.(Wikkipedia.com)Because of Laser welding advantages such as deep welding and reduced heat inputs. Profound Manufacturers sought to automate the welding process caused the expansion of the laser beam welding process to imply computers sophisticated technology to increase the product quality and more sinless control of the welding pro cess.From More than 20 years ago, when laser welding was in its early stages it was used primarily for bizarre applications where no other welding process would be suitable. Nowadays, laser welding is an imperative part of the metal toil industry.Laser beam welding has high power density (on the order of 1Megawatt/cm(MW)) resulting in small heat-affected zones and high heating and cooling ratesHow it gainsThe Focal point is aimed on the wee piece rear that weld is needed. At the surface of the decease piece, the enormous concentration of light energy transformed into thermal energy. The surface of the formulate piece starts melting and steps forward by dint of it by surface conductance. For welding process, the beam energy been brinytained below the dehydration temperature of the material. In Fig. 1 the laser beam is directed on the work piece. go through 11 laser beam aimed on the work pieceImage courtesy of NorteastLaser.comTo the point that the laser beam contacts the work piece, all the components that direct it are transparent, refr mobile or reflective, absorbing and small nubs of energy from the ultraviolet light (www.accu split.com). When the pulse of laser energy is focused into a small spot at the surface of the work piece, the energy density becomes enormous. The light is engrossed by the work piece, causation a keyhole effect as the focused beam drills into, vaporizes and melts some of the metal (www.accuparts.com).. As described in fig. 2.Figure 12 laser beam welding processImage courtesy of NorteastLaser.comIn fig. 3 as the pulse ends, the liquefied metal around the keyhole flows back in, band and creating a small spot weld, moving the work piece or the laser emitter along the surface of the work piece creates a series or spot-weld called a seam.Figure 13 the keyhole effect by laser beamImage courtesy of NorteastLaser.comEquipmentThe twain types of lasers usually used in are solid-state lasers and gas lasers (especially carbon dioxi de lasers and NdYAG lasers).The first type uses one of several solid media, including synthetic ruby and chromium in aluminum oxide, atomic number 60 in glass (Ndglass), and the close common type, crystal composed of yttrium aluminum garnet doped with neodymium (NdYAG).Gas lasers use mixtures of gases want helium, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide (CO2 laser) as a medium. (wikkipedia.com)Advantages of applying Laser WeldingOne of the major advantages that laser welding is the low amount of heat that is used during the welding process. The process repeats the laser beam to allow for the cooling of the spot weld, resulting in a very small heat affected zone, which makes the welding process use less energy, and makes laser-welding ideal for smooth sections or products that require welding near electronics faultless.In conclusion, I would say that laser beam welding process when united with robotics and computer-controlled beam movements or work piece movements make laser welding systems offer a supreme flexibility to perform a variety of operations.3D laser s chiffonierning3D Laser S domiciliatening is a type of become engineering. Reverse engineering helps in knowing more information most any object, software, device or a system. It mainly deeds by analyzing any part of that object and taking it apart to know everything about it using laser. It returns that object to its origins and know how to make a copy of it without destroying the main object or modifying it. That type of engineering can be used in many fields and it can be applied on anything as it is a high quality technology. That technology depends mainly on laser and its various types. Reverse engineering analyzes objects to examine how it works or how it has been done. It also can be used to know the dimensions of a bureau or an object. It is mostly used on objects that it documentations are lost.3D Laser Scanning is used to measure the dimensions of a shopping center or a part of a place by convert ing physical objects or parts into entropy to be read on a CAD program. That metre is done by a coordinate beat machine that estimates accurately what are the dimensions of that part. After measuring the CAD program draws 3D characters of that part. That order helps in knowing the dimensions of the object accurately without errors or assumptions. The 3D images produced by that method are called virtual reality. Those accurate 3D images need a very large amount of info as it measures fine enlarge of the object.Figure 24 3D image drawn using 3D laser scanningThe awe-inspiring thing about 3D laser scanning is that it is supposed to take a long fourth dimension to measure the fine details of an object accurately then go up it into info that can be read by CAD programs. But actually that process takes seconds. It saves a lot of m which the person can spend to draw that object or try to measure its dimensions by any traditional method. That shows how laser helped in conservat ion much time for engineers. Laser captures every single detail in the object in a tremendously fast and accurate way. It is impossible for human to orbit that level of accuracy even if he spends hours or days difficult to go it.3D laser scanning is applied in 3D digital scanners, coordinate measuring machines and 3D digitizers. As we said it is the fastest and most accurate measuring method that can analyze objects to know how it works or to know its dimensions. Also it saves effort and money. This application is such an amazing application of laser in engineering fields. People call it herculean work that looks want magic.Communication systemsA communication system is designed to transmit and receive information using light beams like graphemes. Laser works as a light beams which has enormous potential for data transmitting with very high data rates. Laser communications systems are wireless connections throughout the atmosphere.Before using laser in communication, the Gre eks used fire and smoke to transmit information, by the evolution of the technology, optical fibers and tuner waves are used for the communication of information over distance. Nowadays, lasers are used in optic fibers communications, fibers optics is a medium for carrying information from one place to another in the form of light. Unlike the copper contagious disease lines, fiber optics is not electrical in nature. Communication systems are based on optical fiber because of its advantage over metallic transmission lines. grapheme optics is used increasingly in data and telecommunications. Optical data transmission is increasingly used in various areas, such as telephone, meshwork traffic, cable TV. In Japan, many internet connections are already delivered to berth with optical fibers.How does laser work in communication system?Figure 35 laser communication processAdvantage of laser in communication systemLasers cook some special trait such as good directivity, polarization, monochromatic, coherent.The approach of optical fiber communications has advantages compared with systems based on electrical cables, the most important areThe losings for light propagation in fibers are very small because there is no fraction.The capacity of fibers for data transmission is huge and its also fast in the storage of data.Compared with electrical cables, fiber optic cables are very light pitch, so the cost is very low.Due to the huge transmission rate of data, the cost compared by the rate of transmission is low.In fibers optic cables, the problems that arise with electrical cables such as ground loops or electromagnetic interference are eliminated.Figure 36There are several significant advantages for communication system that pass away with fiber optics than systems which use radio frequencyLaser communication provides much higher data transmission rate compared to radio frequency.Small dimension light weight of components.Lower power.Application of laser in space communicationLasers used in free space laser communication systems, its one of the most important application of laser in communication either semi-conductor laser rectifying tubes, solid state lasers and fibers amplifiers lasers.Free space optical communication is the transmission of data over long distance, e.g. surrounded byPlanets. earthly concern and satellites.Spacecraft and Earth based station.Figure 37 laser communication between satellitesFigure 38There are some advantages of the use of laser in space optical communication such as high power, large rate of data transmission, small size and light weight, but one of the main disadvantage of using laser as a link in space communication is the interconnection save between points that have direct line of sight. The application of laser communication is discussed for a global communication system and an inter-satellites link, because laser can be directed in fibers over very long distances with very low needinesses and avoid atmospheric influences.CD videodiscIntroductionLaser plays an important role in our life it has a lot of applications in a lot of fields. It is used in many fields like medical, scientific, and industrial. In this part Ill talk about some industrial uses of the laser like CD DVD Holography.Figure 49 cdWe all know the importance of CDs and DVDs in our life. We use it in saving data, music albums, and videos.CD means Compact Disk optical media that can store data, and DVD means Digital Video Disk, and its also optical media to store data but with larger storage size, and much great capacities.Figure 410cd romSo I can say that we have two types of disks and three types of take awayrs for the disks we have CD and DVD, the leaving between them would be in the storage size.For the drivers we have CD-ROM, CD-RW, and DVD-RW. The difference between the CD-ROM and CD-RW that the CD-RW has the ability to read and write data on the CD, but CD-ROM can exclusively read from the CD. So its like read only memory DVD drive can read and write on both CD and DVD disks, and has a larger storage memory than CD, so DVDs is more useful and better than CDs.Figure 411 Reading from CDHow CD and DVD drivers work?Computer takes the data from the user through keyboard, microphone, or any input device and converts it to zeros and ones. The idea is to store the data from the computer to the disks write on the disk using a healthy laser beam that makes holes or bumps on the disk which represents zeros and grooves that represents ones, so we can write what we want on the disk. CD and DVD the both use the same method to record data on.Figure 412Data deliver on CDTo read from disk, the drive uses beam of laser that reflects back to a sensor in the drive if it hits a groove or one, but it hits a bump or zero the beam reflects with an paragon and doesnt hit the sensor through this operation the drive can read data from the disk.Differences between CDs and DVDsWe all already know that C Ds have a storage size 700 Mega Byte, and DVDs have storage size start from 4 Giga Byte. Also DVDs could have multiple layers so its storage size could reach 17 Giga Byte, but CDs only have one layer. So we can say that CDs are much cheaper than DVDs, but DVDs are more useful, and have much greater storage size. So CDs are still preferable in publication music albums, and DVDs are preferred in publishing movies.Also we can say that there is a big difference between the CD and DVD drivers. We would find that the DVD drivers use a thinner beam of laser than the laser beam of CD drive so it could make smaller grooves and bumps than CD drives, so it could write on both CDs and DVDs, but CD driver could only write on CDs and cant write or read DVDs.Figure 413 cd writing process Figure 414 Cd writing processApplications of laser in communicationsLaser radar (LADAR) or (LIDAR)Laser radar (LADAR) or (LIDAR) (Light Detection and Ranging) is similar to mm radar but it uses laser beams to fin d its target.The (LADAR) processor looks for familiar patterns in the scenes. The processor continuously compares the scenes taken with the 3D files stored in the radar memory. It can scan large areas with very high precision and its ability to institute a detailed picture of the area. The (LADAR) sensor can look at the target from different angles.Laser radar seeker can honor objects features with very high definition up to 15 cm dissolving agent from about 1000 meters. After the radar identifies the object it takes a 3D picture.Laser diodeLaser diode is a diode where the active medium is a semiconductor similar to light emitting diode this diode is used to produce n-p-n or p-n-p transistors that are used widely in electronic systems, these diodes are sometimes called injection laser diodes to distinguish between optically diodes.A laser diode is formed by doping a very thin crystal wafer on its upper surface using laser beam to produce a n type sphere and a p type region resul ts in a p-n union which is called a diodeLaser characterA laser fibre is a glass or a plastic fibre that carries light through it.These fibres are used widely in fibre-optic communications which permits transmission over long distances and at higher bandwidth than other forms of communications. Fibres are used instead of metal wires because signals travel across them with less loss and they are also immune to electromagnetic interference. Fibresare also used for blaze and sensors.Laser microphoneThe laser microphone is a device that uses a laser beam to get a line sound vibrations in distant objects.The device takes vibrations as a pressure waves created by objects in the room (like person or an object), the laser beam is directed into the room from a windowpane that hits the object then it returns back to the receiver that converts it to an audio signal.The minute differences in the distance travelled by the light as it reflects from the vibrating objects (are detected interfer ometrically is a technique used for diagnosing two or more waves by studying the pattern of interference created by their superpositions).A new type of laser microphones that uses laser and a smoke or vapour to detect the vibration waves in the air.Applications of laser in computerLaser barcode scannerThe laser beam bounces off a rotating mirror and scans the code, sending a modulated beam to a light detector and then to a computer which has the product information stored. Semiconductor lasers can also be used for this purpose, laser barcode scanners are the most common used barcode scanners, laser barcode scanner doesnt need to be in contact with the barcode to read it, it can read barcode 6-24 inches away from it.Laser newswriterA laser newspaperman is a type of computer newswriters that rapidly produces high quality textbook and graphics on a plain paper.It is a computer stigmaer that uses laser beam to produce an image an on a rotating rise before transferring it to the pa per.As with digital photocopiers and multifunction printers, laser printers employ a xerographic printing process but differ from analogue photocopiers in that the image is produced by the direct scanning of laser beam across the printer photoreceptor.A laser beam projects an image of the page to be printed onto an electrically charged rotating drum coated with selenium. Photoconductivity removes charge from area open to light, the drum then prints the image on a paper by direct contact and heat.Laser printers have many advantages than other printers like the speed of laser printer can vary widely, it can print 12000 pages in one hour.ConclusionThis report has discussed the applications of laser in our everyday life. We have shown the different applications of laser in communication compared with different systems that operate with electrical cables radio frequency. The application of laser in computer be in each aspect in our daily life as laser printers, DVD and scanners. The use of laser in mechanical engineering such as welding and cutting. It is also used in measuring dimensions and analyzing object by using 3D scanning. After listing all this application and advantages of lasers. We can not neglect the present of laser in our life. By the end of the report, the benefits of laser and its applications is clear.